Alan Shepherd examines Bergson’s view of intuition as a key to metaphysical knowledge. Unlike Kant, Bergson believes we can directly access reality through our experience of time, or “duration.” Intuition expands through memory, evolution, and mystical insight, revealing a creative, loving force behind life. More than intellect, it offers deep, spiritual truths and reclaims metaphysics as a meaningful, ethical, and experiential pursuit.

In this evocative essay, Terrell Carver explores the disturbing power of political violence, memory, and absence. He examines how violence typically communicates through visibility and how disappearance as a strategy upends that logic. Focusing on Argentina’s “disappeared” and the symbolic resonance of everyday memorials like the baldosas por la memoria, Carver asks: How can we know and relate to the violence we haven't seen? How do we remember what was meant to be erased?

From The Philosopher,  vol. 112, no. 2 (" Violence ") If you enjoy reading this, please consider becoming a patron  or making a small...